{"id":107,"date":"2020-09-25T20:10:38","date_gmt":"2020-09-25T20:10:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/?page_id=107"},"modified":"2024-08-24T23:05:27","modified_gmt":"2024-08-24T23:05:27","slug":"ancient-judaism","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/learning-units\/ancient-judaism\/","title":{"rendered":"Ritual"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p id=\"block-9fd11140-6fc7-4487-9e6b-6e7ecc4c8ced\"><strong>Lesson Objectives:<\/strong> In this unit, students will learn about ritual, ritual objects, and holy spaces such as the tabernacle and temple in Ancient Israel. They will discuss prayers that accompany these rituals and holidays. During this unit\u2019s hands-on project, students will make either a Hanukkah menorah or a spice box for Havdalah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" id=\"block-9bebe68c-dbe0-4744-8474-a8c49138516d\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" class=\"underline\">Guiding Thematic Questions:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>What sorts of objects are involved in prayer and ritual practices?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Why do many religious rituals and ceremonies involve sensory experiences?<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>How did ancient people establish the holiness of a religious space? <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>How do we make places holy today?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" class=\"underline\">Historical Context:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The Tabernacle was the portable holy space used for ritual and practices by the Israelites on their journey from Egypt to Canaan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>A branched candelabrum (lamp) is described as part of the Temple furnishings<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The burning of incense is mentioned several times in the Torah.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>In the 2nd century BC, Judea was part of the Ptolemaic Kingdom of Egypt until 200 BC when King Antiochus III of Syria defeated King Ptolemy V at the Battle of Panium. According to traditional Jewish sources, Antiochus IV outlawed Judaism and defiled the temple. Hanukkah commemorates the Maccabean revolt against the Seleucid Empire, resulting in the restoration of Jerusalem and rededication of the second temple.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ancient oil lamps have been found that date back to the 10th millennium BC. Handmade lamps evolved in many shapes: saucers, bowls, spouted, etc.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" class=\"underline\">Fun Facts:<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>In the Torah\u2019s instructions for the construction of the Tabernacle, it calls for the use of a material called <em>tachash<\/em> (\u05ea\u05d7\u05e9) which has been interpreted in many different ways because of its uncertain translation. The earliest translation of the Torah in Greek refers to <em>tachash<\/em> as \u201chyacinth skins,\u201d probably referring to sheep or goat skins dyed the color of purple or blue hyacinth. In the Jerusalem Talmud, the rabbis debated alternative meanings of <em>tachash<\/em>, including dyed goatskins, the hide of weasels or ermines, or the skin of a clean kosher wild animal. Later sources interpreted the material to have come from mystical creatures like the unicorn or from other exotic animals like a badger (from the German cognate <em>dachs<\/em>) or sea mammals like seals or dolphins (from the Arabic <em>tuchash<\/em>). Recent scholarship suggests that <em>tachash<\/em> might be referring to a beaded leather material.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The word <em>Havdalah <\/em>means to separate, differentiate, or distinguish. It is a celebration meant to distinguish Shabbat from the week to come.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-horizontal is-content-justification-center is-layout-flex wp-container-core-buttons-is-layout-499968f5 wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--1\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link has-black-color has-text-color wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/learning-units\/ancient-judaism\/hebrew-resources-ancient-judaism\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Hebrew Resources: Ritual<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity is-style-default\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-c5323544-6e0a-475f-9d53-e7dec486046b\">Object Images:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"892\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2020\/12\/2016_019_052_B_SCR-892x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-454 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2020\/12\/2016_019_052_B_SCR-892x1024.jpg 892w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2020\/12\/2016_019_052_B_SCR-261x300.jpg 261w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2020\/12\/2016_019_052_B_SCR-768x882.jpg 768w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2020\/12\/2016_019_052_B_SCR.jpg 1045w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 892px) 100vw, 892px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p><strong>Five-Spouted Oil Lamp<\/strong><br \/>Judea <br \/>4thc. CE<br \/>Ceramic <br \/>5\u201d long<br \/>Carlos Museum, Emory University<br \/>2016.19.52<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile is-image-fill\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\" style=\"background-image:url(https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2024\/08\/2006_011_006_A_SCR-edited-1024x925.jpg);background-position:50% 50%\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"925\" src=\"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2024\/08\/2006_011_006_A_SCR-edited-1024x925.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-925 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2024\/08\/2006_011_006_A_SCR-edited-1024x925.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2024\/08\/2006_011_006_A_SCR-edited-300x271.jpg 300w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2024\/08\/2006_011_006_A_SCR-edited-768x694.jpg 768w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2024\/08\/2006_011_006_A_SCR-edited-332x300.jpg 332w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2024\/08\/2006_011_006_A_SCR-edited.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p><strong>Coin (Tetradrachm from time the Bar Kochba Revolt<\/strong>) <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Tabernacle on obverse             <\/em><br>Asia (Roman Period)<br>Reign of Hadrian 134-135 AD<br>Silver<br>1 x 1\/8in. (2.5 x 0.3 cm)<br>Carlos Museum, Emory University<br>2006.011.006<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"953\" src=\"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2024\/08\/2006_011_006_C_SCR-edited-1-1024x953.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-928 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2024\/08\/2006_011_006_C_SCR-edited-1-1024x953.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2024\/08\/2006_011_006_C_SCR-edited-1-300x279.jpg 300w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2024\/08\/2006_011_006_C_SCR-edited-1-768x715.jpg 768w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2024\/08\/2006_011_006_C_SCR-edited-1-322x300.jpg 322w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2024\/08\/2006_011_006_C_SCR-edited-1.jpg 1198w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p><strong>Coin (Tetradrachm from time the Bar Kochba Revolt<\/strong>) <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Lulav &amp; etrog on reverse<\/em><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:40px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text is-stacked-on-mobile\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"1020\" src=\"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2024\/08\/2016_019_022_E_SCR-1024x1020.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-930 size-full\" srcset=\"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2024\/08\/2016_019_022_E_SCR-1024x1020.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2024\/08\/2016_019_022_E_SCR-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2024\/08\/2016_019_022_E_SCR-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2024\/08\/2016_019_022_E_SCR-768x765.jpg 768w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2024\/08\/2016_019_022_E_SCR-301x300.jpg 301w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2024\/08\/2016_019_022_E_SCR.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p style=\"font-size:17px\"><strong>Incense Burner<\/strong><br>Iron Age, Hebron<br>1200-1000 BCE<br>Ceramic<br>Carlos Museum, Emory University<br>2016.19.22<br>(Not on display)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Classroom Discussion Questions:<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group\"><div class=\"wp-block-group__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>Are there any examples of spices\/aromas playing a role in ritual practice today?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>What spaces were set aside and designated as holy in the time of the Ancient Israelites?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>List a few ways that designated spaces were purified for worship?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-file\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/06\/Ancient-Judaism_-Origins-of-Holidays-and-Rituals.pdf\" class=\"wp-block-file__button wp-element-button\" download>Ritual Worksheet<\/a><\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-css-opacity\" \/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"block-a969518e-e61e-43fc-82d9-43a2d71c8f46\">Project: Spice Box<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-9a6287d8-5f98-498a-b66e-b7127b82062d\">Materials:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>small wooden boxes or other jars\/containers<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>paint, markers, stickers, other decorating supplies<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>spices<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>cleaning supplies<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-d4929931-885a-42dc-967d-8ac40cd75b59\">Instructions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>decorate your spice box<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>fill the box up with your choice of spices<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/MG_441529-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-737\" srcset=\"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/MG_441529-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/MG_441529-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/MG_441529-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/MG_441529-960x640.jpg 960w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/MG_441529-450x300.jpg 450w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/MG_441529.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Project: Menorah<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Materials:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>wood\/metal base<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>nuts or other metal rings<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>hot glue gun, glue, double sided tape&#8230;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>paint, markers, stickers, other decorating supplies<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>cardboard\/cardstock, a small block of wood&#8230;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Instructions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>decorate the base of the menorah<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>use cardboard\/cardstock or another small block to elevate the central nut above the rest (this will become the shamash candle- the helper candle used to light the other candles)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>attach the remaining 8 nuts onto the base with glue<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/IMG_0017-1-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-709\" style=\"width:392px;height:294px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/IMG_0017-1-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/IMG_0017-1-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/IMG_0017-1-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/IMG_0017-1-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/IMG_0017-1.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-gallery has-nested-images columns-default is-cropped wp-block-gallery-2 is-layout-flex wp-block-gallery-is-layout-flex\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-id=\"704\" src=\"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/IMG_0019-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-704\" srcset=\"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/IMG_0019-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/IMG_0019-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/IMG_0019-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/IMG_0019-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/IMG_0019.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" data-id=\"705\" src=\"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/IMG_0032-1024x768.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-705\" srcset=\"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/IMG_0032-1024x768.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/IMG_0032-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/IMG_0032-768x576.jpg 768w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/IMG_0032-400x300.jpg 400w, https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/files\/2021\/04\/IMG_0032.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lesson Objectives: In this unit, students will learn about ritual, ritual objects, and holy spaces such as the tabernacle and temple in Ancient Israel. They will discuss prayers that accompany these rituals and holidays. During this unit\u2019s hands-on project, students will make either a Hanukkah menorah or a spice box for Havdalah. Guiding Thematic Questions:&#8230; <\/p>\n<div class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/learning-units\/ancient-judaism\/\">Read More<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":6994,"featured_media":0,"parent":83,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-107","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/107","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6994"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=107"}],"version-history":[{"count":55,"href":"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/107\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":946,"href":"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/107\/revisions\/946"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/83"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/scholarblogs.emory.edu\/ancientartifactactivities\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=107"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}