Citizenship 2024

First-Year Seminar    Fall 2024
History 190-4   (Class Number 3684) & AMST 190-1 (Class Number  3686)
Satisfies Freshman Seminar and Race & Ethnicity Requirements
Professor Allen Tullos   
Seminar meeting: TTh 2:30pm-3:45pm in Atwood Chemistry Bldg. 270
Office hours: Friday 1:30-3:00. in 327 Bowden Hall and by appointment. allen [dot] tullos [at] emory [dot] edu

This seminar examines citizenship’s changing meanings in US history from a social justice perspective.  How have constitutional ideals, political advocacies, and social promises contrasted with realities?  How have oppressed, marginalized, and disfranchised social groups organized and mobilized for more expansive and inclusive citizenship?  What are the implications of concentrated political power and extreme economic inequality for the possibilities and prospects of social justice?  For voters’ choices and rights? Topics will also include immigration, nationalism,  environmentalism, and international human rights. This discussion-based seminar draws upon a variety of source materials including primary documents, critical essays, social science studies, media documentaries, and artistic expressions.  An ongoing feature of the seminar is discussion about current political news and developments in the context of citizenship— especially important in election year 2024.

The use of phones, laptops, or other electronic devices is distracting and not permitted in class. 


Thursday, August 29:  Introductions and Orientation

The online syllabus for the Citizenship seminar   https://scholarblogs.emory.edu/citizenship/

Today’s sources:
“Foreword” and “Conclusion” to Heather Cox Richardson’s book Democracy Awakening (2023) You can find it as a pdf on the Course Reserves page for our seminar.
(Go to https://libraries.emory.edu/using-library/borrowing-materials/course-reserves      and use “Access Online Reserves” to search for HIST 190-4 or AMST 190-1, Tullos, etc.)

Jimmy Carter, “The US an Oligarchy” Rolling Stone (2015)
“Wealth inequality in the United States” Wikipedia
“Unions help reduce disparities and strengthen our democracy,”  Economic Policy Institute (2021)
“Census release shows America is more diverse and more multiracial than ever” CNN (2021)
Interactive map of 2020 US diversity. CNN (2021)
Charles M. Blow, “It Was a Terrifying Census for White Nationalists” NY Times (2021).  

For complimentary access to NYTimes.com provided by Emory, visit:  New York Times access (although it’s free, it requires login with Emory ID and Password).  Other useful, free, sites for this seminar :  Pew Research Center, GovTrackPoliticoTalkingPoints Memo538,  Roll CallBallotpedia,  Pro Publica, Academic Search Complete

Citizenship in the News.  A regular feature of the seminar.  In-class discussion of recent news reporting and commentary about citizenship and this year’s elections. Two useful sites about student voter registration and electoral participation: Emory Votes Initiative, and  Vote.org

“Ten Facts about Democrats”  and “Ten Facts about Republicans” (2024) Pew Research Center


Tuesday, September 3:    Conceiving Citizenship 
Continuing discussion from January 17 seminar on major themes of the course.
Today: The emergence of Western concepts of citizenship.

Read: Paul Cartledge, “Ancient Greek Democracy” BBC (2011)
Browse: “History of Citizenship” and “Magna Carta” articles in Wikipedia.
Subjects and Citizens:   Monty Python, “The Annoying Peasant” (1974) (4 min)

Direct democracy: the New England town meeting
A town meeting in Vermont (2009)

Citizenship in the News:

“Electoral College Map 2024” (CNN) Interactive.

“So God Made Trump” 2024 campaign video ad.
“So God Made a Dictator” 2024 parody ad produced by the Lincoln Project.
“So God Made a Farmer” radio personality Paul Harvey‘s Dodge Ram truck ad based on his original 1978 speech to the Future Farmers of America convention.


Thursday, September 5: Meanings of Citizenship in the US

Reading for class discussion:  Linda Kerber, “The Meanings of Citizenship,” (1997)
Access a pdf of this article by logging in at Emory Course Reserves and using “Access Online Reserves” to search by course number, instructor, etc.
Email Prof. Tullos if you have any difficulty finding the article.
allen [dot] tullos [at] emory [dot] edu

Quiz on the Kerber reading.

Citizenship in the News:

Historical Chart of US Voter Turnout     Source: US Elections Project
Stuart Rothenberg, “Harris Bets On Younger Voters: But Will They Turn Out?” CNN (2024)
“Election Voter Turnout by Age” Our World in Data


Tuesday, September 10: Creating the Constitution

We the People of the United States, in Order to form a more perfect Union, establish Justice, insure domestic Tranquility, provide for the common defence, promote the general Welfare, and secure the Blessings of Liberty to ourselves and our Posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.  —Preamble to the US Constitution (1789)
“Join, or Die”    a political cartoon (1754) attributed to Benjamin Franklin.

Read: Jill Lepore, “The Constitution of a Nation.” (2018).   Chapter available on e-reserves.
You can access this chapter by logging in at Emory Course Reserves and using “Access Online Reserves” to search by course number, instructor, etc.
Email Prof. Tullos if you have any difficulty finding the Lepore chapter.
allen [dot] tullos [at] emory [dot] edu

(The entire text of Lepore’s book These Truths is available for free reading on the Internet Archive.)

Citizenship in the News: In-class discussion of recent news reporting and commentary about citizenship.
Denise Lu, Charlie Smart and Lazaro Gamio, “Where the Racial Makeup of the U.S. Shifted in the Last Decade,” NY Times (2021)
“How the racial makeup of where you live has changed since 1990”  Washington Post (2021)


Thursday, September 12:  Sovereignty, Citizenship, and Native Americans

Reading: Howard Zinn, “As Long as the Grass Grows Green” (2005)
http://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/zinnasl7.html
Assignment: Write 250-300 word commentary (not a summary) presenting your thoughts about the Zinn chapter. 

For reference:  American Indian Wars.   Wikipedia
These Truths on Native American background before British colonization. (Chapter One)
“The Big Trail” (1930) Hollywood movie directed by Raoul Walsh, starring John Wayne. Read about “The Big Trail.”
Map of Native American removal from the Southeast US.

Citizenship in the News:
Susan B. Glasser, “The Man Who Put Andrew Jackson in Trump’s Oval Office”  Politico (2018).


Tuesday, September 17: Sovereignty, Citizenship, and Native Americans
As someone else once said, if studying history mainly makes you feel happy and proud, you probably aren’t really studying history. — Fara Dabhoiwala

View illustrated lecture by Claudio Saunt, “The War the Slaveholders Won: Indian Removal and the State of Georgia”
https://southernspaces.org/2016/war-slaveholders-won-indian-removal-and-state-georgia

Print and bring to class: 250-300 words summarizing the main points of the Saunt lecture.  (Include word count)

Recommended (not required) for further reading: Sarah H. Hill, “All Roads Led from Rome: Facing the History of Cherokee Expulsion” (2017).
https://southernspaces.org/2017/all-roads-led-rome-facing-history-cherokee-expulsion
American Indian Wars.   Wikipedia
https://education.nationalgeographic.org/resource/indian-removal/
“Ghost Dance” documentary (1996) about Native peoples in the American West, leading up to Wounded Knee.
https://video-alexanderstreet-com.proxy.library.emory.edu/watch/ghost-dance

Citizenship in the News:
Soumya Karlamangla, “With Dams Removed, Salmon Will Have the Run of a Western River,” (NYT) 2024


Thursday, September 19: Justice, Citizenship, and Social Equality

A goal of social justice . . . is social equality.  Equality refers not primarily to the distribution of social goods . . . it refers primarily to the full participation and inclusion of everyone in a society’s major institutions, and the socially supportive substantive opportunity for all to develop and exercise their capacities and realize their choices. —Iris Marion Young

You can’t really be in favour of both democracy and billionaires, because democracy requires equal opportunity in order to participate, and extreme wealth gives its holders unfathomable advantages with little accountability. — Rebecca Solnit, “In the Shadow of Silicon Valley”

Read: Iris Marion Young, “Five Faces of Oppression” (1990) (Course Reserves).  You can access this chapter by logging in at http://web.library.emory.edu/using-the-library/course-reserves/index.html
and using “Access Online Reserves” to search by course number, instructor, etc.
This chapter is also available at https://web.archive.org/web/20151010030413/http://www.consumerstar.org/resources/pdf/young.pdf

Citizenship in the News: 
“2024 Electoral Interactive Map” 538 Forecast as of Sept. 18, 2024
Richard North Patterson, “America’s Suffocating Class System” (2018)


Tuesday, September 24: The Long Campaign for African American Citizenship

Reading:
Frederick Douglass, “What to the Slave Is the Fourth of July?” (1852)
Also available as pdf in course reserves.

Be prepared to discuss the Douglass reading in class.  (no writing assignment)
Read about this speech. (Wikipedia)

Recommended:
David Blight, “The Civil War Lies on Us Like a Sleeping Dragon” (2017)
David Waldstreicher,  “How the Constitution Was Indeed Pro-Slavery,” (2015)

Citizenship in the News:

Nick Corasaniti and Johnny Kauffman, “Georgia Election Board Orders Hand-Counting of Ballots,” NY Times (2024)
Nick Corasaniti and Maya King, “Black Churches in Georgia Unite to Mobilize Voters in a Key Battleground,” NY Times (2024).
Jocelyn Kiley, “Majority of Americans Continue To Support Moving Away from Electoral College,” Pew Research Center (2023)
“National Popular Vote Movement,” Common Cause (2023)


Tuesday, October 1:  African Americans, Citizenship, and Reconstruction

Read: C. Vann Woodward  —   “Seeds of Failure in Radical Race Policy,” (1966)
http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/985998

Quiz on Woodward’s article.  

Recommended for background, and referred to in class: 
“Emancipation Proclamation”
“Reconstruction Amendments” 
“Fourteenth Amendment”

Citizenship in the News. Read for class discussion:
Thomas B. Edsall, “The Real Trump Mystery” NY Times (2024)

Thursday, October 3 : Discussion of Semester PapersBring your laptops to class.

Presentation and workshop by Dr. Erica Bruchko, African American Studies and US History Librarian, of Emory library databases that can be useful in researching your semester paper:

Ancestry.com (Library Edition –on campus use only) https://guides.libraries.emory.edu/az.php?q=ancestry.com
US History Research Guide - https://guides.libraries.emory.edu/main/united-states-history 
Academic Search Complete (EBSCO) - http://pid.emory.edu/chkbj 
Library Catalog-https://search.libraries.emory.edu
Databases - https://guides.libraries.emory.edu/az.php 

You can schedule an appointment with Dr. Bruchko at this webpage:  https://emorylibraries.libcal.com/appointments?u=71155.  


Tuesday, October 8: Citizens, Persons, People

 Read:  Jill Lepore, “Of Citizens, Persons, and People.” (2018).  Available on e-reserves.
You can access this chapter by logging in at https://libraries.emory.edu/tools/course-reserves  and using “Access Course Reserves” to search by course number, instructor, etc.
(The entire text of Lepore’s book These Truths is available for free reading on the Internet Archive.)
Quiz on Lepore’s chapter.

Recommended for background:
Daniel A. Pollock, “Spectacles of American Nationalism: The Battle of Atlanta Cyclorama Painting and The Birth of a Nation Southern Spaces (2021)
“The Birth of a Nation” Wikipedia entry includes link to view entire 1915 film.

Citizenship in the News:
Jamelle Bouie, “The One Thing Not Named Trump That Trump Cares About,” NY Times (2024).
Christina Morales, “What Does a Couple Do When One Partner Is Deported?,” NY Times (2024)


Thursday, October 10: Scenes from the Civil Rights and Anti-Vietnam War Movements

View prior to class:  Eyes on the Prize, Part 4, “No Easy Walk” (Begin video at 21:00 minutes and watch until conclusion). You will need to enter your Emory ID and Password.
https://video-alexanderstreet-com.proxy.library.emory.edu/watch/no-easy-walk-1961-1963

Read: Martin Luther King, Jr., “Letter from Birmingham Jail” (1963)
http://abacus.bates.edu/admin/offices/dos/mlk/letter.html
Recommended Wikipedia article about this letter: “Letter from Birmingham Jail”

Quiz on Eyes on the Prize excerpt and Dr. King’s “Letter.” 

Read and make notes for class discussion: Dr. King’s 1967 speech against US participation in the Vietnam War: “Beyond Vietnam: A Time to Break Silence.” 
Audio of this speech.

Recommended: Wikipedia article about “Beyond Vietnam”
David J. Garrow, “When Martin Luther King Came Out Against Vietnam” NY Times (2017)

Segment on the Pentagon Papers in “A Disrespectful Loyalty (May 1970-March 1973)” (Public Broadcasting Service, 2017) (Requires Emory ID and password) Begin at 41:30.

Citizenship in the News:
Miriam Jordan and Mattathias, “Court to Weigh Protections for Immigrants Brought to U.S. as Children,” NY Times (2024)
Robert Reich, “The US ultra-rich justify their low tax rates with three myths” Guardian (2022)


Tuesday, October 15: No Class Today. Fall Break

Thursday, October 17: Participatory Democracy and the Civil Rights Movement

Ella Baker  (1903-86) and participatory democracy.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ella_Baker
Ella Baker and SNCC
Judy Richardson, former SNCC member and researcher and series associate producer for the series Eyes on the Prize  talks about Ella Baker. https://video.choices.edu/media/who-was-ella-baker   (2012) (2 min)
Ella Baker speaks to Puerto Rico solidarity rally in 1974.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=t96fnyLMihA     
(2:20)
Equal Justice Initiative Museum and Memorial, Montgomery Alabama

Citizenship in the News:

Lisa Lerer and Michael Gold, “Trump Escalates Threats to Political Opponents He Deems the ‘Enemy,'” NY Times (2024)


Tuesday, October 22: Music and 1960s Protest Movements

When the music changes, the walls of the city shake. — Plato

Read:
“Protest Music. 1960s: The Civil Rights Movement, the Vietnam War, and Peace and Revolution”

“A Change Is Gonna Come,” written and sung by Sam Cooke. 1968.  Read about the song.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZFRzO_KZkkQhttps://www.youtube.com
Lyrics.
http://www.metrolyrics.com/a-change-is-gonna-come-lyrics-sam-cooke.html

John Coltrane    “Alabama”   (1963)  Written in response to the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing on September 15, 1963, an attack by the Ku Klux Klan in Birmingham, Alabama that killed four African-American girls.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=saN1BwlxJxA
Rev. Martin Luther King, Jr.’ “Eulogy” for the four girls killed in the 16th Street bombing. 1963.

Another song in reaction to the Birmingham church bombing: Nina Simone performs “Mississippi Goddamn.”    (1964)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LJ25-U3jNWM

Bob Dylan,      “Blowin’ in the Wind”  (1963)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vWwgrjjIMXA&list=RD8qDkC4yJxdc&index=25

Bob Dylan, “Masters of War” (1963)

Phil Ochs,    “I Ain’t A-Marchin’ Any More.”   (1965)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8qDkC4yJxdc&list=RD8qDkC4yJxdc&index=1

Sgt. Barry Sadler, “Ballad of the Green Berets”    (1966)   
Read about.
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ballad_of_the_Green_Berets

Creedence Clearwater Revival,     “Fortunate Son.” (1969)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N7qkQewyubs

Read about “Fortunate Son.”
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortunate_Son

Neil Young,    “Ohio.”   (1970)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hkg-bzTHeAk
Read about “Ohio”
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ohio_(Crosby,_Stills,_Nash_%26_Young_song)

John Prine,    “Your Flag Decal Won’t Get You into Heaven Any More”  (1971)

For reference:
“LBJ’s 1965 Decision to Escalate the Vietnam War” PBS (2010)
“A Disrespectful Loyalty, (May 1970-March 1973)” Episode 9 of documentary The Vietnam War (2017) PBS
https://video-alexanderstreet-com.proxy.library.emory.edu/watch/a-disrespectful-loyalty-may-1970-march-1973?utm_campaign=Video&utm_medium=MARC&utm_source=aspresolver

Citizenship in the News: 
“2024 Elections: News, Polls and Analysis” NY Times (2024)


Thursday, October 24: Semester Paper Discussion

Citizenship in the News:
“2024 Elections: News, Polls and Analysis” NY Times (2024)


Tuesday, October 29: James Baldwin, “I Am Not Your Negro”

Adherence to legend at the expense of facts will ruin America – the work is well under way. And lovers of the movies should consider how far film has helped the undermining. —Andrew O’Hagan 

Prior to class: view documentary about James Baldwin,   I Am Not Your Negro (93 min) (2016).  Directed by Raoul Peck.
You may be asked for your Emory ID and Password for access to the documentary.
https://emory.kanopy.com/video/i-am-not-your-negro
For reference:
Medgar Evers
Lorraine Hansbery
Read about the film.

Citizenship in the News:
“2024 Elections: News, Polls and Analysis” NY Times (2024)


Thursday, October 31: The Campaign for the Equal Rights Amendment

When I pass the gate of the celestials and good Peter asks me where I wish to sit, I will say, ‘Anywhere so that I am neither a negro or a woman.  Confer on me, great angel, the glory of White manhood, so that henceforth I may feel unlimited freedom.Elizabeth Cady Stanton to Susan B. Anthony (1859).  (Quoted in Jill Lepore, These Truths, 314)

Readings:

Linda Greenhouse, “Who Killed the ERA?”   New York Review of Books (2017) Available as pdf in Emory course reserves for HIST 190-5. 
Also at:  https://www-nybooks-com.proxy.library.emory.edu/articles/2017/10/12/womens-rights-who-killed-era/ 

Recommended: Equal Rights Amendment
“Phyllis Schlafly”
Timeline of Women’s Rights in the US
Seneca Falls Convention

Citizenship in the News: 
Monica Hesse, “Amy Coney Barrett is a strong woman. That doesn’t make her a feminist icon.” (W Post 2020) Available on e-reserves 
Richard Slotkin, “To Understand Trump vs. Harris, You Must Know These American Myths,” NY Times (2024).
“2024 Elections: News, Polls and Analysis” NY Times (2024)
Ronda Kaysen and Ethan Singer, “Millions of Movers Reveal American Polarization in Action,” NY Times (2024)


Tuesday, November 5:  Election Day
An Episode from US Immigration History — Chinese Labor and Exclusion

Recommended: Nadja Sayej, “‘Forgotten by society’: how Chinese migrants built the transcontinental railroad”. (2019)
Chinese Exclusion Act (1882)
David Yang, “Chae Chan Ping, Chop Suey, and Chinatown: Spatiality and Chinese American Migration.” Available on Emory Course Reserves. (This is a student paper from the 2021 Citizenship seminar.)

Citizenship in the News: 
Kristen Hartke, “Chinatowns are struggling to survive,” Washington Post (2022) Available on Emory Course Reserves.
“2024 Elections: News, Polls and Analysis” NY Times (2024)


Thursday, November 7: Recent History of Latin American Immigration.

Prior to class discussion: View Harvest of Empire
Harvest of Empire: Latinos in America (2012) (One hour and thirty minutes)
https://emory.kanopy.com/video/harvest-empire-1

Citizenship in the News: 
“Voters Were Fed Up Over Immigration. They Voted for Trump,” NY Times (2024)


Tuesday, November 12: The Stonewall Uprising and the Beginning of the Gay Rights Movement
View the documentary. (1:22)

Citizenship in the News:
Dan Mangan, “Supreme Court Justice Clarence Thomas says gay rights, contraception rulings should be reconsidered after Roe is overturned,” CNBC (2022)
Nicholas Confessore, “‘America Is Under Attack’: Inside the Anti-D.E.I. Crusade,” NY Times (2024).
Adrian Daub, “Gender and Its Enemies,” Chronicle of Higher Education (2024). Requires Emory ID and Passsword.


Thursday, November 14: Campaigns, Inc.  vs  National Health Care

Read: “Lepore_Health Care” — an excerpt from Jill Lapore’s These Truths tracing  the history of  efforts to provide national health care in the US and the persistent opposition by private medical associations and insurance companies through their use of public relations and advertising firms.  Available on Course Reserves as pdf.  (37pages. Note: the pages are not consecutively numbered but draw from several chapters of Lepore’s book.) 

Citizenship in the News:
Gaffney, Himmelstein, and Woolhandler, “The Only Way to Fix US Healthcare,” NY Review (2024)
Jessica Glenzer, “Why the Trump administration will be bad for Americans’ Health” Guardian (2024)


Tuesday, November 19:  Finance Capitalism Run Amok — Bank Deregulation, Great Recession, Aftermath and Reaction

View prior to class:  Academy Award winning documentary Inside Job (2010).  1 hour and 48 minutes.
https://video-alexanderstreet-com.proxy.library.emory.edu/watch/inside-job
Also available at:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=T2IaJwkqgPk
Read about Inside Job

Citizenship in the News:
“2024 Elections: News, Polls and Analysis”
NY Times (2024)


Thursday, November 21: Structural Economic Inequality and Its Costs to Democratic Citizenship

Read: Joseph E. Stiglitz, “The American Economy Is Rigged and What We Can Do About It” Scientific American (Nov. 2018).  

For reference:
Katherine Schaeffer, “6 facts about economic inequality in the U.S.” Pew Research Center (2020)
David Leonhardt, “Our Broken Economy in One Simple Chart” (2017).
Wealth Inequality in the United States (Wikipedia)
Jimmy Carter, “The US an Oligarchy” Rolling Stone (2015)
Citizens United v. FEC (Wikipedia)

Citizenship in the News: 
“Unions help reduce disparities and strengthen our democracy,”  Economic Policy Institute (2021)


Tuesday, Nov 26. No class meeting today but a viewing and writing assignment:

Disability, Accessibility Rights, and Citizenship

View: Nicole Newnham and James LeBrecht, “Crip Camp: A Disability Revolution,” (108 minutes) (2020). Read about this documentary.
Recommended: Judith Heumann,    “Our fight for disability rights and why we’re not done yet.”  (21 min) Heumann bio (Wikipedia)

Write a 250-300 word commentary about what you learned from “Crip Camp.” Email your commentary to Prof. Tullos by 5:30 p.m. today (Tuesday).

Background:  “Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990″
and “Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities” (Wikipedia)
“Social Model of Disability” (Wikipedia).  On the difference between impairment and disability. 

Citizenship in the News:
“GOP Billionaires Coming Back to Trump,” Washington Post (2024). In Emory Course Reserves.
“2024 Elections: News, Polls and Analysis” NY Times (2024)


Thursday, Nov 28: Thanksgiving Holiday


  Tuesday, December 3: Green Democratic Revolution

Read for discussion: Chantal Mouffe, “A Green Democratic Revolution” (2022). 

Recommended:  The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948) and The Universal Declaration of Human Rights (Wikipedia)

Quiz on Mouffe article. 

Too-qua-stee, “A Vision of the End”  (1899) Too-qua-stee, also known as DeWitt Clinton Duncan, was born in the Cherokee Nation in Georgia in 1829.


 Thursday, December 5: Student Presentations.  Bring your laptops to class.

Tuesday, December 10: Student Presentations. Bring your laptops to class.